Apparatus for enlarging or reducing drawings.



.v 1908. No 883,895 B. 0' LIBGHLEY. PATBETED AIPVRY I APPARATUS FOR ENLARGING on REDUCING DRAWINGS.

-LPPLIOATIOI FILED NOV. 16, 1907. a K T 1 m'frresses l- I art!!! Om Imnnram n. c. IN

No. 883,895. PATENTED APR. 7, 1908. E. O.LIBGHLEY. APPARATUS FOR ENLARGING 0R REDUCING DRAWINGS.

A PLIOATION mum n v. 1.

P 0 190 asnnmvsnmrr 2.

1447065665 //7re/z/0/- JMZPA Ernes/ any/m Hiya/r ey W Va ia/192"? ml Doll! rrn vs cm. unumcron. u. L

No. 883,895. k PATENTED APR. 7, 1908.

-' E. 0. LIBGHLEY.

APPARATUS FOR ENLARGING OR REDUCING DRAWINGS.

APPLICATION TILED NOV.16, 1907.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

M A M A 1 1 ,H W A Not to be taken item the files.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

ERNEST O. LIEGHLEY, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

APPARATUS FOR ENLARGING OR REDUCING DBAWINGQ.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 7, 1908.

Application filed November 16, 1907. Serial No. 02,510.

To all whom it "may concern.

Be it known that l, EaNEs'r O. LIEGHLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the county of Baltimore City and State of Maryland, haveinvented certain new and useful improvements in Apparatus for Enlarging orlteducing Drawings, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for enlarging or reducing drawings, maps, prints, etc.; and it consists generally ofthe combination of a suitable drafting-table, a camera-bellows, an object-holder, and mechanism for moving the lens-end of the bellows and the object-holder, all so constructed and arranged that the object to be copied mav be moved relatively to the surface or top of the table, so that a sharply focused, visible image, of any desired size, maybe produced upon the surface of a sheet of trans arent or semi-transparent material u on w ich it is to be traced, placed upon a g ass plate, forming a portion of the surface or top of the table.

The invention further consists of the general arrangement and combination of the several parts. as will be hereinafter fully described in this specification and brieflystated in the claims thereof.

The main object of the invention is; to roduce copies of an original object, in which the proportions will be exact,butlthe size of the copy produced will be as much larger or smaller than the original as may be desired.

Other objects of the invent-ion will become ap arent upon a full disclosure thereof.

n the drawing, Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved apparatus: Fig. 2,.a section on line 2- 3 of Fig. 1; F ig. 3, a side elevation; Fig. 4, a perspective of the appara tus com )lete, somewhat reduced; F 5, an enlarged front elevation, broken in two, of the lower portion of the frame, showing an exaggerated arrangement of the cable or cord for raising and lowering the objectholding board; Fig. 6, an enlarged elevation of one of the mechanisms for moving the cord or cable, for counterbalam-ing the re spective boards, and for locking the moving mechanism when required: Figs. 7 and 8, detail views of one of the winches employed as a fastener for the ends of the cord or cable, and for maintaining the same in a taut or tight condition; Figs. 9 and 10, detail sectional views of the lens-holder, and Figs. 11 and 12 similar views. showing means for detachably-connecting the bellows to the table, and the vent throu h which air enters the bellows and is expo led therefrom, respectively.

In the several views, the numeral 1 indicates a suitable drafting-table mounted upon trestles 2, 2, and opening 3, preferab y s uare, over which is fitted a glass plate 4. e table is rovided with a suitable hood 5, for exclu ing the light from above a camera-bellows 6, removably-attached to the underside of the table by means of turn-buttons 7, s aced around. theedge of the opening 2 in t e table, one

of said turn-buttons being shown in Fig. 11.

The bellows is of the ordinary type, and is.

provided with the usual lens 8, attached to the lens-block in the usual manner, as shown in Fig. 10. The lower or lens-end of the bollows 1S detachably-connected to a lens-board 10 by means of screw-hooks 11, 11, operating in slots 12, 12, made in the side edges of the lens-board, as clearl shown in Fig. 9. The lens-board is provi ed at each end with a truck or carriage 13, having grooved wheels 14, 14, which are adapted to run on guiderail 15 secured tothe inner side of a frame 16, depending from the underside of the table;

said frame consisting of two vertical sidethe lens-board 10, consists of a cord or wirecable 21 running from a small winch 22, mounted u on one end of said lens-board, up over a pulley 23 and down through guideholes in the lens-board and an ob'ect-holdin board 24, around pulley 25; t en aroun' pulley 26, up through guide-holes in the obect-holding and lens-boards and over. a

grooved pulley 27,.secured on the inner end of an o crating shaft 28; down through ide-ho es in the lens and object-hol i dards and around pulley 29; then aroun pulley 30 and up through guide-holes in the object-holding and lens-boards back to the winch, both ends of the cord' or cable being rovided with a central secured in holes in the drum 31 of the winch. As both ends of the cord or cable are secured to the drum of the winch 22, it will be obvious that any slack in said cord or cable may be readily taken up by turning the Winch, the latter serving as a tightener to kee the cord or cable always'taut. The eor or cable is operated by the shaft 28, retated by hand-wheel 32 secured on the outer end of said shaft. The shaft is mounted in hangers 33 and 33', depending from the underside of the table, and is rovided with a fixed collar 34 on one side 0 the hanger 33 and with a loose collar 35 on the other side of said hanger, as shown in Fig. 6. The shaft is surrounded by acoil-spring 36, which has one end fastened to the hanger 33 and the other end to the lixed collar, so that when the shaft is turned in one direction the sprin will be wound up to serve as a counterba ance to the lens-board.

The lens-board is fastened to the cord or cable at two points, at one point by the winch 22 and at the other point by an adjustable clamp 37, fixed to the lens-board at the end opposite the winch. These two points are on that portion of the cord or cable which moves in the same direction in raising or lowerin the lens-board. By means of the adjusta le clamp the lens-board is readil adjusted to a horizontal position, and as botfi ends of the cord or cable are shortened or lengthened equally, it will be evident that the lens-board, after adjustment, will always be in a horizontal position. The object-holding board 24 is also provided with trucks or carriages 24, 24, and is raised or lowered by a cord or cable 38, arranged and operated similarly to the cord or cable for ralsing or lowering the lens-board. One end of the cord or cable 38 is fastened to the drum of a winch 39, from which it passes up. through a guide hole in the lens-board over a pulley 40, then down through guide-holes in the lens and object-holding boards around pulley 41, around pulley 42 and up through guide-holes in the object-holding and lens-boards over grooved pulley 43, secured on the inner end of an o crating-shaft 44, similar to shaft 28 shown in Fig. 6, then down through guideholes in the lens and object-holding boards around pulley 45, then around pulley 46 and up throu h a guide-hole in the object-hold ing boar back to the inch, where the end is fastened to the drum thereof. The winch 39' also serves as a cord or cable tightener,

and the cord or cable is fastened to the object-holding board by a clamp 49, fixed to said board at the end opposite the winch,

a loose collar 51. The shaft is also provided with a counterbalancing sprin 52, one end of which spring is fastened to t e fixed collar 50 and the other end to the hanger 49.

In Fig. 5 I have shown, in exaggerated form, the arran ement of the cord or cable 38 and the u leys over which it moves. All of the u eys for both cords or cables, except puleys 23, 27, 40, and 43, are attached to the cross-bar 18 of the frame 16.

In operation, a sheet of semi-transparent material 53 is placed upon the glass plate 4, and the object to be copied is placed on the board 24, as shown at 54 Fig. 1. A light 55, provided with a suitable reflector 56, is placed in such a position as will illuminate said object, and cause its image to be projected upon the sheet 53. By changing the position of the lensand object-holding boards, relative to the surface of the table, the image may be made of any desired size. When both boards have been adjusted to the required position, they are held 1n such position by tightening a set-screw 57 on each of the operating shafts, which operation forces the loose collars against the hangers and draws the fixed collars into close contact with said hangers, thus binding the parts together and locking the shafts against rotation. After the parts have been locked together, the reflected image ma be traced upon the sheet 53 accurately am with great ease.

The bellows frame is provided with a vent 58,through which air enters the bellows and is expelled therefrom, during the focusing process or operation of raising or lowering the lens and object-holding boards. By detaching the camera-bellows from the table, the latter may be used for making full-size copies or tracings of objects drawn or printed upon thin or transparent material, such as blue-prints, b causing the light to be reflected upon t e underside of the glass plate. By substituting a ground glass plate for the glass plate 4, a reflected image may be copied upon a sheet of transparent material placed over said ground glass.

Various changes or modifications, in the details of construction, may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention or sacrificing the principle thereof. 1

Having thus fully described my invention what I claim, is

1. In an apparatus for copying drawings, etc., the combination with a suitable table provided with a glass plate in its top, of a camera-bellows provided with a projectinglens, said bellows being detachably eonnected to the table below said plate, a source of light, and means for moving the lens-end of the bellows relatively to the glass plate.

2. In an apparatus for copying drawings, etc., they combination with a suitable table provided with a glass plate in its top, of a oeinerwbellows provided with a projeotinw lens, said bellows being detsohsblymonnected to the table below said )lltlLG, a cord or sable, pulleys over which t e cord or cable is in ved, s souree of light, and menus for operating the cord or cable to move the lensend of tl ii bellows relatively to the glass plate.

3. in on oppurntus for copying drawings, eh'a, the eon'ihinutioo with it suitoblo table provided with a glass plate in its top, of u earners-l)ellows provided with a projectingiens, said bellows being iletachebly-oonheated to the table below said piste, an oli sotd'iolding board, a source of light, and menus for moving said board relatively to the glass plate.

st. in an apparatus for copying drawings, etc., the combination with a suitable table provided with s glass plate in its top, of e corners-bellows provided with a projectinglens (i to the table below said plate, an object-holdingboard, a source of light, a cord or cable, pulleys over which the cord or cable is moved, and means for moving said eoriil or noble to raise or lower said board.

5. in an apparatus for copying drawings, etc, the combination with a suitable table provided with a glass plate in its top, ol :1

corners-bellows provided with s projectinglens, said bellows being" attached to the table below sold plate, on objeet-holding board, a time of light, means for moving said board rtntively to the glass plate and means for moving the lei'ls-end of the bellows relatively to said plate.

(3, in an apparatus for copying drawings, eto, the combination with a suitable table provided with a, glass plate in its top, of o cs1mere-bellows provided with a project-ingleus, said bellows being attached to the table lens end of the bellows, means for moving 1 the lcns-boerd relatively to the gloss ilate,

an object-holding board, a source of ight, and inesns for moving said board relatively to said plate. 7

7. in an apparatus for copying drmv'ings, etc., the combination with it suitable table provided with a glass plate in its top, of it comertnbellows provided with a unjectinglens, suid bellows being detechably-connected to the table below said plate, an object holding board, a source oi light, a cord or cable and on operating-shaft for moving said board relatively to the glass plate, and means for moving the lens-end of the bellows relatively to said plate.

in an apparatus for copying drawings, etc., the combination with a suitable table provided with e glass plate in its top, of n eeiperwbcllows provided with a projectinglens, ssidbellows being detechabl -conneoted to the table below the plate, a ens-board ssid bellows being detschsblycon' connected to the lens-end of the bellows, cord or cable and en operetingehsft for moving the lens-board relatively to the lots, on objeet-holding boord, e souree oi? light, and means for moving sold boiled tively to said plate.

9. hi an apparatus for eopying; drewiiuz s, ett' the oombihution with suitehle to. ileprovidcd with St gloss plate in. its top, of u muhero-bellows provided with o projeeting lens, said bellows being detliehebly eonnect ed to the table below the gloss piste, e lensbonrd-detsohebly mmneeted to the lens-end of the bellows, a, cord or cable and en opereo lug-shaft for movingseid l8il8l'i0fill, object-holding board, and o source 02" light, and a cord or cable and on operating shaft for moving said object-holding board,

10. In an apparatus for copying; drawings, etc., the combination with, e suitable teble provided with a glass plate in its top, of e earners-bellows provided with a projecting-- lens, said bellows being attached to the teblo below said plate, e lens-bosrd etteched to the lens-end of the bellows, o cord or cable, pulleys over which the cord or cable is moved, means for attaching the lens-board t0 the cord or cable, a source of light, end on operating-shaft for moving the cord or cable to raise or lower said lens-board.

1 i. In on oppzirntus for copying; drawings, oto, the QUInlHl'HLllOn with at suituble toble provided with u gloss plots in its top, of n (sinners-bellows provided with u projecting lens, ssid bellows being etteohed to the table ji ing board to the cord or noble, and en opereting-shaft adapted to move the cord or ouble to IELISQ or. lower sold object-holding board.

12. In on a peretus for copying drawings etc., the com motion with it suitable table provided with a glass plate in its top, of e CHIIGIfi bQllOWVS provided. with o projeeting lens, said bellowsbeing attached to the table below said glass plate, a lens-board etteehed to the lens-end oi the bellows, a cord or cable, pulleys over which they cord or noble is moved, means for attaching the lens-boerd to said cord or cable, on operstingeheit for moving the cord or cable to miss or lower said lens-board, a source of light, on objectholding board, and means for raising or lowering said board.

13. In on e peretus for copying drawings, eto, the com motion with at suitable t eble provided with a glass plate in its top, of it camera-bellows provided with e projecting lens, said bellows being etteched to the table below said late, a lens-board attached to the lens-end o the bellows, means for moving said lens-board, an objeet-holding boerd, e source of light, a cord or cable, pulleys over t ll which said cord or cable is moved, means for attachin the cord or cable to the objectholding board, and an operating-shaft for moving the cable or cord to raise or lower said board.

14. In an a )paratus for copying drawings, etc., the combination with a suitable table provided with a glass plate in its top, of a cemera-bellows provided with a projectinglens, said bellows being attached to the table below said plate, a lens-board attached to the lens-end of the bellows, a cord or cable, pulleys over which said cord or cable is moved, means for attaching the'lens-board to the cord or cable, an operating-shaft for moving said cord or cable, an object-holding board, a source of light, a cord or cable, pulleys over which the cord or cable is moved, means for attaching the object-holding board to said cord or cable, and an operating-shaft for moving said board.

in an apparatus for copying drawings, etc., the combination with a suitable table provided with a glass plate in its top, of a camera-bellows provided with a projectin lens, said bellows being attached to the tab e below said plate, a lens-board attached to the lens-end of the bellows, means for raising and lowering said lens-board, means for locking the lens-board at any desired position, and a source of light.

16. In an apparatus for copying drawings, etc., the combination with a suitable table "pr-c'iided with a glass plate in its top, of a b811191&*l)8ll0WS provided with a projectinglens, said bellows being attached to the table below said plate, an object-h0lding board, a source of light, means for raisingand lowering said board, and means for locking the objcct-holding board at any desired position.

1?. In an apparatus for copying drawings, etc., the combination with a suitable table provided with a glass plate in its top, of a camerzebellows provided with a' projectin lens, said bellows being attached to the table below said plate, a lens-board attached to the lens-end of the bellows, means for raising and lowering the lens-board, means for locking said lens-board at any desired position, an object-holding board, means for raising and lowering said board, a source of light, and means for locking said board at any desired position.

18. In an apparatus for copying drawings, etc., the combination with a suitable table provided with a glass plate in its top, of a camera-bellows Provided with a projectinglcns, said bellows being attached to the table below said plate, a lens-board attached to the lens-end of the bellows, means for raising and lowerin the lens-board, a source of light, and means or counterbalancing said lens-board.

19. In an a paratus for copying drawings, etc., the com ination with a suitable table provided with a glass plate in its top, of a camera-bellows provided with a projectin lens, said bellows bein Y attached to the table below said plate, an o 'ect-holding board, a source of light, means or raising and lowering said board, and means for ccunterbal- 7O ancing the board.

20. In an apparatus for copying drawin s, etc., the combination with a suitable ta lo provided with a glass plate in its top, of a camera-bellows provided with a protjectin lens, said bellows being attached to tne table below said plate, alens-board attached to the lens-end of the bellows, means for raising and lowering said lens-board, means for counterbalancing the lens-board, a source of light, an object-holding board, means for raising and lowering the object-holdin board, and means for counterbalancing said oard.

21. In an a paratus for copying drawings, etc., the combination with a suitable table provided with a glass plate in its top, of a camera-bellows provided with a projectin lens, said bellows being attached to the table below said plate, a lens-board attached to the lens-end of the bellows, means for raising and lowering the lens-board, means for locking said lens-board at any desired position, an object-holding board, means for raising and lowering said board, means for locking the board at any desired position, and means for reflecting light upon the underside of the glass plate.

22. In an a paratus for copying drawings, etc., the combination with a suitable table provided with a glass plate in its top, of an object holding board, means for raising and lowering said board, and means for reflecting light upon the underside of the glass plate.

23. In an apparatus for copyin drawings, etc., the combination with a tab e provided with a glass plate in its top, of an objectholding board, means for raising and lowering said board, means for locking the board at any desired position, and means for refiecting light upon the under surface of the glass plate.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ERNEST O. LIEGHLEY.

Witnesses:

C. REUTLrNGER, W. B. BLAKESLEE. 

